AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF DIETARY SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON HIGH-PROTEIN DIET-INDUCED RENAL ALTERATIONS IN DOMESTIC GOAT CAPRA HIRCUS

Abstract

Eighteen cross-breed goats were equally divided in three groups such as: A=Low concentrate diet [LC], B=High concentrate diet [HC] and C=HC+Se (Se=0.3mg kg^-1). The goats of each group (n=6) were fed these diets for 10 weeks period and subsequent ameliorative effects of dietary Se on high-protein diet-induced renal changes were investigated. Significant treatment effect (p<0.05) can be perceived from the data of groups A, B and C from kidney weight (31.61, 35.37, 40.32 g); length (5.75, 6.44, 6.48 cm); width (3.28, 3.93, 4.54 cm); and thickness (2.07, 2.39, 2.76 cm), respectively. The apparent changes in histological traits in renal cortex were also significant (p<0.05) in groups A, B, C for density of renal corpuscles (9.12, 9.69, 11.76); diameter of Bowman’s space (112.65, 107.02, 92.37 µm); Cros-sectional area (CSA) of glomerulus (898, 925, 1086.6 µm); SCA of proximal convoluted tubules (71.21, 75.48, 84.74 µm); SCA of distal convoluted tubules (36.03, 40.35, 50.8 µm); CSA of collecting tubules (66.07, 68.05, 76.64 µm); CSA of distal tubules (45.68, 47.97, 53.91 µm) and CSA of thin tubules (19.46, 23.42, 27.44 µm), respectively. The histopathological examination of kidney indicated that kidneys of goat in group A and B (without Se), showed observable regions of tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis; while group-C (HC+Se) has a significant protective effect. Histomorphological examination of left kidney medulla showed that in LC diet (A), the kidney tissue had slight negative effects due to oxidative stress; while kidney of group-B (HC diet without Se) showed some signs of stress and damage. However, the kidney of group-C goat (Se-rich HC diet) revealed marked protective and curative effects on renal structure. The epithelial structure in LC group appears to be rather normal; while HC group exhibits significant inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell depletion and epithelial injury as well as some minor histological abnormalities. However, in HC+Se group, there was a visible decrease in histological damage, as seen by less epithelial injury, more intact goblet cells and less infiltration of inflammatory cells