PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF RECURRENT DIARRHEA AMONG CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Recurrent diarrhea remains a major cause of morbidity among children under five years of age in developing countries and is closely linked to malnutrition and environmental risk factors.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of recurrent diarrhea and identify its sociodemographic, child-related, maternal, and environmental determinants among children under five years of age.

Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 0–59 months. Participants were recruited using consecutive sampling. Data were collected through a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, child-related factors, maternal knowledge and practices, and household environmental conditions. Recurrent diarrhea was defined according to the study’s operational criteria. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression to identify independent determinants.

Results: A substantial proportion of children experienced recurrent diarrhea. Significant associations were observed with younger child age, rural residence, lower maternal education, underweight nutritional status, incomplete immunization, non-exclusive breastfeeding, poor maternal knowledge, inadequate handwashing practices, unsafe drinking water, unimproved toilet facilities, and improper waste disposal. In multivariable analysis, rural residence, poor maternal education, underweight status, incomplete immunization, poor handwashing practice, unsafe drinking water, and unimproved toilet facilities remained independent determinants of recurrent diarrhea.

Conclusion: Recurrent diarrhea among children under five is influenced by multiple interrelated factors spanning the child, caregiver, and household environment. Integrated interventions focusing on improved water, sanitation and hygiene, maternal education, nutrition support, and immunization are essential to reduce the burden of recurrent diarrhea in this age group.