Abstract
Digital and remote forms of psychotherapy have moved from being adjunctive treatment options to becoming central components of contemporary mental health care. In clinical psychology, this shift is especially significant for depression and anxiety, which are highly prevalent, impairing, and often undertreated because of cost, distance, stigma, and workforce limitations. This systematic review examines the evidence on digital cognitive behavioral therapy and remote psychotherapy for depression and anxiety, with emphasis on efficacy, acceptability, and implementation. Drawing on recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and implementation studies, the article finds that digital psychotherapies produce meaningful symptom reductions for depression and anxiety and that remote psychotherapy can, in many settings, achieve outcomes comparable to face-to-face care. The strongest evidence supports structured CBT-based interventions, especially when some level of therapist guidance is provided. At the same time, the literature identifies important limitations, including heterogeneity of interventions, variable adherence, digital exclusion, and uneven implementation in routine care. Overall, the evidence suggests that digital and remote CBT should be understood not as inferior substitutes for traditional therapy, but as evidence-based modalities whose value depends on appropriate design, support, and context.