Abstract
The issue of coagulation abnormality is a critical problem among patients who undergo major surgical operations since this may aggravate the chances of perioperative bleeding and thrombotic events. Hemostatic mechanisms can change due to surgical trauma, anesthesia, and related physiological stress, with an observable change in coagulation parameters. It will be critical to track such changes to timely identify and treat any possible complications. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and international normalized ratio (INR) are common laboratory indicators that are widely used to evaluate the coagulation and inform clinical decision-making in patients undergoing surgery.
Study Rationales: The current research was carried out to compare and contrast the pre- and post-operative coagulation parameters (PT, APTT and INR) in patients who undergo major surgeries. It also sought to establish the level of alterations in coagulation profile post-surgical and evaluate the possibility of the occurrence of abnormal coagulation during the perioperative phase.
Methodology: This cross-sectional but comparative study was conducted on 30 patients aged over 18 years having undergone major surgical operations. Aseptic conditions were observed in the collection of blood samples prior to surgery and in a specified post-operative period. Standard laboratory techniques were used to analyze the samples in order to ascertain PT, APTT and INR values. Appropriate demographic and clinical information were also taken. The mean values of the preoperative and postoperative coagulation parameters were compared to conduct a statistical analysis and assess significant differences.
Results: The results of the study revealed that the values of the PT, APTT, and INR in the post-operative period were altered with respect to their previous values, which indicated the change of the coagulation status after a major surgical intervention. There was a tendency to longer coagulation times in some of the patients, which indicated a higher risk of bleeding during the period right after the operation.
Conclusion: The findings emphasized the need to regularly check the coagulation parameters in patients with major surgery. Timely intervention and prevention of complications can be achieved by early detection of coagulation abnormalities by simple and reliable laboratory tests, thus enhancing patient outcomes. This research highlighted the importance of appropriate perioperative laboratory evaluation in the provision of safe surgical management and efficient care of patients.