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Abstract
Objective: Researchers studied the complication rates alongside risk elements among patients who received revision thyroid surgery within a tertiary care hospital setup.
Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Staff at Department of General Surgery Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) Karachi undertook this study. This research was conducted for six months following synopsis approval.
Patients and Methods: A non-probability consecutive sampling method was used to include 57 patients who received revision thyroid surgery. The study collected data about patient demographics, comorbidities, and indications for revision surgery together with duration since previous operation and surgical details and identified postoperative complications. The main study results comprised transient hypocalcemia in addition to recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury and the development of both hematoma and surgical site infection. Data analysis used SPSS version 26 for the evaluation. We analyzed risk factor to complication relationships through Chi-square testing while using a p-value of ≤ 0.05 as the threshold for statistical significance.
Results: An analysis revealed that the study participants' average age was 45.2 years old with a standard deviation of 12.6 years. 66.7% were female. Transient hypocalcemia emerged as the most frequently reported postoperative complication (17.5%) before RLN injury (8.8%) and hematoma (5.3%) and surgical site infection (3.5%). Analyses determined that complications were significantly higher among patients who exceeded 50 years of age (p = 0.03) and those with diabetes mellitus (p = 0.04) and previous surgeries spaced by more than twelve months (p = 0.02). Research data indicated that intraoperative nerve monitoring systems trended toward avoiding RLN damage (p = 0.08) but did not reach statistical
Conclusion: The risk of complications during revision thyroidectomy increases significantly in patients who are both elderly and have diabetes or require delayed reoperations. Recognizing and managing these risk factors enhances results during revision thyroid surgical procedures.