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Abstract
Preclinical studies have shown the beneficial effect of black seed (Nigella sativa) and pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.) in the treatment of kidney stones. Present study was designed to evaluate the preventive effect of black seed and pomegranate peels in male mice against kidney stones. Initially, black seed and pomegranate peel extract was made. Briefly, mice were divided into 5 groups, i.e. group 1(healthy control group), group 2 (negative control group), group 3 (300 mg/kg black seed extract), group 4 (100mg/kg pomegranate peels extract), group 5 (combine concentrations of 300mg/kg black seed and 100mg/kg pomegranate peel extract). Mice were induced kidney stones by 1% ethylene glycol in drinking water. All these substances were given to mice from first day of experiment to last day of experiment i.e. 28th day. In the end, the biochemical analysis for serum parameters (sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorous, calcium, uric acid, bicarbonate and chloride) and urinary parameters (calcium and uric acid) was done for kidney stones. The results indicated that serum level of sodium decreased significantly (P<0.0001) in group 3, when compared with negative control group 2. Similarly, highest value of serum magnesium and serum bicarbonate level was seen in group 3, showing that it is effective for preventing kidney stones. The group 4 also showed declined level of serum and urinary parameters, indicating their preventive effect against kidney stone formation. Above all, the combination of black seed and pomegranate peels was most effective for kidney stones such as, the serum potassium, phosphorous, calcium, uric acid and chloride showed the lowest value in combination group, when compared with negative control group. Likewise, the urinary parameter analysis for calcium and uric acid of 14th and 28th day of experiment showed lowest value in combination group of black seed and pomegranate peel group. The overall results of the study indicated that the combined effect of black seed and pomegranate peel is productive to cure kidney stones. These two natural products are viable option for kidney stone prevention and treatment and hence, can be novel medication design in future.