RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN D3 LEVELS AND ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most frequent gynecologic complaints among women of reproductive age, leading to significant morbidity and reduced quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum vitamin D3 levels and abnormal uterine bleeding in women of reproductive age. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department from August 2024 to January 2025. A total of 60 women aged 13–45 years presenting with AUB were included using non-probability consecutive sampling. The sample size was calculated using the WHO calculator, assuming a 95% confidence level, 10% precision, and 86% prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in AUB. Women who were pregnant, had thyroid disorders, were using hormonal contraception, or were taking vitamin D supplementation were excluded. All participants underwent history, examination, and relevant investigations including CBC, PT/INR, APTT, transvaginal ultrasound, thyroid function tests, and serum vitamin D3 measurement. Results: The mean age of participants was 31.2 ± 7.4 years, and the mean BMI was 27.5 ± 3.9 kg/m². Menorrhagia was the most common pattern, and the mean duration of bleeding was 8.6 months. Vitamin D3 deficiency was highly prevalent (71.66%) with a mean level of 17.2 ng/mL. Deficiency showed significant associations with higher BMI and longer bleeding duration but not with age or bleeding type.  Conclusion: It is concluded that vitamin D3 deficiency is highly prevalent among women with abnormal uterine bleeding and is significantly associated with obesity and prolonged duration of symptoms.