DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ABC SCORING SYSTEM IN PREDICTING OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING

Abstract

Objectives: To determine diagnostic accuracy of ABC scoring system in predicting outcome in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding keeping mortality or repeated episode of upper gastrointestinal bleed in 30 days as gold standard.

Study design: Cross-sectional validation study.

Place and Duration of the study: Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad from February 2024 to August 2024.

Methodology: A total of 148 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleed were included and their ABC score was assessed. All the patients were followed up for 30 days to document any adverse outcome in the form of mortality and repeat episode bleeding of upper gastrointestinal tract. Based on this diagnostic accuracy parameters were calculated.

Results: In this study, 148 patients were included. Median age was 46.00 (17.00) years. There were 94 (63.50%) male and 54 (36.50%) female patients. 87 (58.80%) patients had variceal bleeding while 61 (41.20%) patients had non-variceal bleeding. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of ABC scoring system in predicting 30- day mortality and repeated episode of upper GI bleed in 30 days were 93.94% & 89.47%, 45.22% & 45.45%, 32.98% & 36.17%, 96.30% & 92.59% and 56.08% & 56.76%, respectively.

Conclusion: ABC score is an effective tool for predicting outcome in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.