Keywords
A BIDIRECTIONAL LINK AND ITS AWARENESS AMONG
ORAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus and periodontitis are two prevalent chronic diseases with a well-established bidirectional relationship. Diabetes increases the risk and severity of periodontitis, while periodontal inflammation adversely affects glycemic control. Despite this interplay, awareness among oral health professionals regarding this link and its clinical implications varies, particularly in regions with high diabetes prevalence such as Pakistan.
Objective: To evaluate the level of awareness, knowledge, and clinical practices of oral health professionals in Pakistan concerning the bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontitis.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted from April to July 2025 involving 201 dentists, dental students, and house officers across Pakistan. Participants completed a structured, anonymous questionnaire assessing their knowledge about diabetes-periodontitis association, clinical approaches, and challenges encountered in managing diabetic patients with periodontal disease.
Results: The majority (97.5%) routinely inquired about patients’ diabetes history and acknowledged the importance of assessing periodontal health in diabetic patients. Over half (54.2%) recommended HbA1c testing selectively, primarily when diabetes was already diagnosed. Approximately 81% believed untreated periodontitis negatively impacts diabetes control, yet only 50.2% were confident that periodontal treatment improves glycemic outcomes. Non-surgical periodontal therapy was the preferred treatment, with most practitioners adjusting clinical management for diabetic patients. Key challenges identified included patient non-compliance, limited professional knowledge, and interdisciplinary coordination gaps.
Conclusion: Oral health professionals in Pakistan show substantial awareness of the diabetes-periodontitis link and are open to adopting best practices; nonetheless, knowledge gaps and systemic barriers remain. Strengthening educational programs, promoting interprofessional collaboration, and integrating diabetes screening in dental settings could improve holistic patient care and outcomes.