COMMUNITY, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS MALARIA AMONG POPULATION AFFECTED BY FLOOD

Abstract

Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in flood-affected areas of Rajanpur, Pakistan. Pakistan is thought to have a moderate malaria problem, but 177 million people are still at risk of getting malaria. About 60% of Pakistan's population lives in areas where malaria is common. This study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to malaria prevention and control among 500 rural and urban residents through a cross-sectional survey using a structured questionnaire and SPSS analysis. Findings revealed poor malaria-related knowledge across both rural and urban groups, with many unable to correctly identify mosquito breeding sites or symptoms. Participants underestimated the disease’s severity and health risks and showed complacency toward preventive measures. No significant differences in KAP were observed between rural and urban respondents i.e., p>0.05. Education and healthcare access were positively associated with better KAP. Despite widespread bed net ownership, compliance was low, and the use of traditional remedies and delayed clinical care was common. Preventive practices such as water drainage and larviciding were inconsistently applied. The study concludes that malaria-related KAP in flood-affected Rajanpur is insufficient regardless of residence. Targeted, culturally sensitive educational campaigns are needed to improve knowledge and attitudes. Additionally, increased community engagement to enhance access and use of preventive tools, including treated bed nets and indoor residual spraying, alongside promotion of timely clinical care, are critical for effective malaria control.