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Abstract
Deficiency of Vitamin D (Vit D) has been recognised as a common nutritional disorder and recognised as a contributing factor to poor glycemic control and development of complications in those with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). To find out the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency and its clinical characteristics in T2DM attending District Hospital Hyderabad. The cross-sectional, observational study was carried out at Civil Hospital Hyderabad and Jeejal Maa Hospital, between July, 2024 and April, 2025. Finally, 62 patients with T2DM were recruited and the demographic parameters, vitamin D status, as well as clinical parameters, were assessed with a structured questionnaire and laboratory investigations were carried out. The samples were collected from 2 hospitals, Civil Hospital Hyderabad (62) & Jeejal Maa Hospital (30) which represents 51.6% & 48.4% respectively from the two hospitals. Twenty-five (40.3%) patients were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency and 37 (59.7%) had normal vitamin D. Sixty per cent of the vitamin D deficient patients were female (n = 15) while 40 per cent were male (n = 10). The 60–70-year age group had the largest prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (48 %), followed by the 50–60-year age group (32 %) and the 40–50-year age group (20 %). The most common symptoms reported by vitamin D deficient patients were fatigue, joint pain, overweight condition, slow wound healing and mood disorders, where the last two were more common. Based on results, vitamin D deficiency is a prevalent condition in the aged and in women with T2DM and might be a risk factor for poor clinical outcomes. Vitamin D should be part of routine screening in people with diabetes and vitamin D should be supplemented and lifestyle changes made to improve glycemic control and prevent diabetes-related complications. Multicentre studies on a larger scale are recommended to validate these results and reinforce evidence on the use of vitamin D in the care of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.