Abstract
Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a significant public health concern in Pakistan, with a high Frequency and mortality rate.
Objectives: To investigate the Frequency symptoms, and determinants of COPD in selected population of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, to investigate the Frequency , symptoms, and determinant of COPD in selected population of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, recruiting 100 confirmed COPD patients from various hospitals in both cities
Results: The study found a higher frequency of COPD in females (55%) and in the 55-75 age group. Significant associations were found between COPD and emphysema, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking history.
Conclusion: This study concludes that COPD is a significant health issue in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, with a higher frequency in females and older adults, and strong associations with other comorbidities such as emphysema, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking history, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and comprehensive management strategies to reduce the burden of COPD in these cities.
Implications: The findings have significant implications for public health practice and policy in Pakistan, emphasizing the need for greater awareness and education about the disease, especially among high-risk groups such as smokers and those with diabetes and hypertension