Abstract
Amaranthus hybridus is a leafy vegetable with high nutrition value and use as medicine. The objective of this research project was to test samples made from leaves of amaranth for their ability to scavenge free radicals (antioxidant activity) and their effect on blood sugar levels (anti-diabetic activity). Leaf samples were collected and prepared (dried, ground) and then extracted using various solvents. Antioxidant activity was determined by conducting standard free radical scavenging assays, whereas anti-diabetic activity was determined via inhibition of digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) that breakdown carbohydrates. The leaf extracts provided a significant ability to scavenge free radicals therefore demonstrating the presence of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic and flavonoid compounds. In addition, the leaf extracts inhibited the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, thus potentially reducing blood glucose levels following a meal. The effects described above were dose-related, meaning the stronger the concentration of extract, the stronger the activity. Overall, these findings indicate that amaranth leaves are capable of providing similar benefits for people who suffer from oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus