Abstract
Skin microbiomes in humans represent a dynamic and intricate ecosystem that serves as the cornerstone for skin physiology, immunity, and the potential for disease susceptibility. Within South Asian populations, traditional skincare products based on plants, oils, and rituals may serve as external regulators of skin microbiome composition and function. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism by which these factors modulate skin microflora remains poorly understood. This review aims to synthesize and evaluate the current scientific literature regarding the interaction between regional skincare habits and skin microbiomes, paying special attention to the effects on microbial diversity, functional modulation, and host-microbe interactions. Emerging studies have demonstrated the potential of phytochemicals and lipid compounds to promote microbial balance and enhance barrier function in the skin. On the other hand, inconsistency in preparation, usage frequency, and environmental exposure may adversely affect the balance and stability of the microbial community leading to dysbiosis. This review also highlights the existing knowledge gaps concerning region-specific, high-resolution analysis of the skin microbiome and its relationship to skincare habits, emphasizing South Asian populations. Filling this knowledge gap is necessary through an interdisciplinary approach that combines clinical trials and omics methods