Abstract
Background: Acne vulgaris is a common global disorder, which usually results in permanent scarring of the atrophic type. Such scarring can lead to considerable psychological problems, and hence, the need for effective dermatological treatments to improve the texture of the skin and the quality of life of the patients.
Objective: To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of microneedling, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and combined therapy for the treatment of moderate to severe atrophic facial acne scars.
Study Design: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted involving subjects aged 18–45 years, divided into three treatment groups to evaluate comparative clinical outcomes.
Materials and Methods: A total of 84 participants (aged 18–45 years) were randomized into three groups: microneedling, PRP, or combined therapy. Participants received three treatment sessions at four-week intervals. Scar severity was assessed using Goodman and Baron grading, clinical photography, and patient satisfaction scores.
Results: The mean scar grades of all the groups were similar at baseline (Group A = 2.68 ± 0.48, Group B = 2.71 ± 0.45, Group C = 2.75 ± 0.50). At the end of Week 4, early signs of improvement were seen in 28.6% of Group A, 35.7% of Group B, and 42.9% of Group C. By the end of Week 8, the mean scar grades were 2.14 ± 0.50 for Group A, 1.89 ± 0.42 for Group B, and 1.57 ± 0.49 for Group C. By the end of Week 12, a reduction of scar grade by 1 or more was seen in 50% of Group A, 78.6% of Group B, and 85.7% of Group C. The patient satisfaction score was highest in the combined therapy group. The adverse effects experienced were mild and transient, including erythema, edema, and pain, but no serious adverse effects were reported.
Conclusion: The clinical results and patient satisfaction are better in combination microneedling and PRP therapy than in monotherapy. Combination microneedling and PRP therapy can be a safe and effective form of biological treatment for moderate to severe atrophic acne scars.