FREQUENCY OF LOSS OF RADIAL PULSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSRADIAL CORONARY CATHETERIZATION

Abstract

Background: The transradial approach (TRA) has become the preferred method for coronary catheterization due to its lower bleeding risk and enhanced patient comfort. However, radial artery occlusion (RAO), often presenting as loss of radial pulse, remains a common complication that may limit future vascular access.

Objective: To determine the frequency of loss of radial pulse in patients undergoing transradial coronary catheterization.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, over a six-month period. A total of 113 patients with coronary artery disease, aged 25–70 years, who met inclusion criteria, underwent transradial coronary catheterization. Post-procedural loss of radial pulse was assessed at 24 hours using the Reverse Barbeau Test and confirmed via Doppler ultrasound. Data were analyzed using SPSS v26, with p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: The mean age of participants was 56.3 ± 8.9 years; 60.2% were male. Loss of radial pulse occurred in 13 patients (11.5%). Significant associations were found between RAO and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.044), elevated BMI > 27 kg/m² (p = 0.038), and previous radial artery cannulation (p = 0.031). No statistically significant associations were found with gender, age, or hypertension.

Conclusion: The frequency of radial pulse loss post-transradial coronary catheterization was 11.5%, in line with global findings. Diabetes, obesity, and prior radial access were identified as significant risk factors. Pre-procedural risk stratification and post-procedural patency assessment are essential to minimize RAO and preserve future vascular access.