SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG PATIENTS WITH END -STAGE RENAL DISEASE IN PESHAWAR PAKISTAN

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the association between spiritual well-being (SWB) and quality of life (QOL) among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at two public healthcare institutions—Institute of Kidney Disease and Lady Reading Hospital—in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). A total of 377 ESRD patients receiving hemodialysis for at least six months were selected through consecutive sampling. Data were collected using validated Urdu versions of the Spiritual Well-Being (SWB) Scale (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82) and the Quality of Life (QOL) Scale (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.74), alongside a demographic questionnaire. Results: The findings demonstrated a strong positive correlation (r = 0.721, p < 0.01) between spiritual well-being and quality of life. A statistically significant association was found between the two variables (Chi-square = 81.511, p < 0.001). Most participants reported moderate to high levels of SWB and low to moderate levels of QOL. The analysis also highlighted associations between various socio-demographic factors and both SWB and QOL. Conclusion: Spiritual well-being was identified as a significant contributor to the quality of life among hemodialysis patients. These results underscore the importance of integrating spiritual assessment and care into the holistic management of ESRD patients. Tailored care strategies that consider individual socio-demographic contexts are recommended to enhance patient outcomes.