Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is one of the leading causes of sexually transmitted infections and remains a major contributor to urethritis among men worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection among men presenting with urethritis and to evaluate its clinical and public health significance. Urethritis commonly presents with symptoms such as dysuria, urethral discharge, itching, and discomfort, significantly affecting the quality of life and increasing the risk of complications if left untreated. The study reviewed existing literature and epidemiological evidence regarding gonococcal urethritis, diagnostic methods, risk factors, antimicrobial resistance, and disease burden. Findings indicated that Neisseria gonorrhoeae remains a common etiological agent of male urethritis, particularly among young sexually active men and individuals with high-risk sexual behaviors. The review also highlighted the growing concern of antimicrobial resistance, which complicates treatment and disease control. Diagnostic approaches including Gram staining, culture, and nucleic acid amplification tests were discussed, with NAATs identified as the most sensitive and specific method. Early diagnosis, effective treatment, awareness programs, and improved screening strategies are essential to reduce disease transmission and complications. The study concludes that strengthening surveillance systems, promoting sexual health education, and enhancing access to diagnostic facilities are critical steps for controlling gonococcal infections and improving public health outcomes.