Abstract
This study provides a multi-dimensional bio-nutritional profiling and lipid characterization of three prominent indigenous goat breeds of Sindh, Pakistan: Kamori, Pateri, and Tapri. Given the increasing global shift toward "biochemical quality" in meat consumption, this research evaluates proximate composition, cholesterol levels, and essential mineral distributions (Fe, Ca, Zn) across two distinct anatomical sites (Longissimus dorsi and Semimembranosus).
Results indicate significant inter-breed and anatomical variations (p < 0.05). The Tapri breed, adapted to arid rangelands, exhibited the highest protein (22.1%) and crude fat (2.6%) concentrations, suggesting a nutrient-dense profile. Conversely, the Pateri breed demonstrated superior cardio-protective qualities, maintaining the lowest cholesterol levels (58.4–61.2 mg/100g) and the highest concentrations of bioavailable Iron (3.6 mg/100g) and Calcium (13.2 mg/100g). Statistical analysis revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.72) between crude fat and cholesterol, alongside a perfect inverse correlation (r = -1.00) between moisture and protein content. Furthermore, essential minerals (Fe, Zn) showed significant concurrent deposition (r = 0.95), particularly in the Longissimus dorsi muscle.
These findings validate the nutritional superiority of Sindh’s indigenous caprine resources. Specifically, the Pateri breed is identified as a "heart-healthy" functional food source, while the Tapri offers high-density protein. This study establishes a foundational "biochemical map" for breed selection, aiding health-conscious consumers and enhancing the export potential of Pakistani chevon in the international lean-meat market.