Abstract
Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in Female characterized by hormonal imbalance and metabolic disturbances.
Objective: To evaluate hormonal imbalances in women with PCOS and compare them with healthy controls.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 100 PCOS patients and 100 healthy controls. Hormonal parameters including LH, FSH, Total Testosterone (TT), SHBG, DHEAS, and fasting insulin were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: PCOS patients showed significantly higher LH, LH/FSH ratio, testosterone, FAI, DHEAS, and fasting insulin levels, while SHBG levels were significantly lower compared to controls (p<0.05). suggesting insulin-mediated suppression. Hyperandrogenemia was present in 80% of PCOS patients.
Conclusion: PCOS is associated with significant hormonal disturbances, particularly hyperandrogenism and altered gonadotropins. Free androgen index (FAI) is a sensitive marker, and insulin resistance plays a key role in disease severity.