Abstract
BACKGROUND
The hemodynamic responses of tachycardia and hypertension, which are associated with Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation, are potentially detrimental, especially in high-risk patients. This response has been suppressed with a number of pharmacological agents. The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of intravenous lignocaine and intravenous dexmedetomidine in the attenuation of the hemodynamic response to general anesthesia.
METHODOLOGY
It is a randomized controlled trial, which was carried out in the Department of Anesthesia, LMDC/Ghurki Trust Hospital, Lahore, from February 2025 to May 2025. Seventy-six patients within the age range of 18-60 years, ASA I-II, undergoing elective laparoscopic and gynecological surgery were selected and randomly split into 2 groups (n= 38 patients assigned to each group). Group A was given intravenous lignocaine (1.5mg/kg), and Group B was given intravenous dexmedetomidine (1 ug/kg). All patients were given general anesthesia. Observance of hemodynamic parameters, such as heart rate and mean arterial pressure, was done at the baseline and 5 minutes following intubation.
RESULTS
There was equal baseline characteristics in the two groups. At 5 minutes of the intubation, the dexmedetomidine group showed better attenuated hemodynamic response, most patients were in the 60-80 bpm range (65.8%), the others in the lignocaine group were mostly in the 100-120 (52.6%), and 120 or higher range. On the same note, mean arterial pressure was tighter in the dexmedetomidine group, with the majority of the patients being within the range of 70-110 mmHg, whereas in the lignocaine group, 44.7% were within the range of 110-130 mmHg, and the rest 42.1% were above 130 mmHg.
CONCLUSION
The intravenous dexmedetomidine is more effective in the attenuation of hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. It offers better regulation of heart rate and mean arterial pressure and is a more consistent method of maintaining hemodynamic stability in the process of induction of general anesthesia.
