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Abstract
Background:
Grand multiparity, defined as parity of five or more deliveries, has traditionally been considered a high-risk obstetric condition. It is associated with increased maternal and neonatal complications including anemia, postpartum hemorrhage, malpresentation, and operative delivery. Despite advances in obstetric care, grand multiparity remains common in developing countries and continues to contribute to maternal and perinatal morbidity.
Objective:
To determine the frequency of obstetrical complications and maternal–fetal outcomes among grand multiparous women delivering at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 120 grand multiparous women (parity ≥5) admitted for delivery were included in the study. Data regarding maternal age, antenatal care, obstetrical complications, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcomes were collected using a structured proforma. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented as frequencies and percentages.
Results:
The mean maternal age was 34.2 ± 4.6 years. The most common maternal complication was anemia (40%), followed by postpartum hemorrhage (15%), malpresentation (12%), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (10%). The majority of women delivered by normal vaginal delivery (65%), while 30% underwent cesarean section and 5% required assisted vaginal delivery. Among neonatal outcomes, low birth weight was observed in 22%, fetal distress in 10%, and perinatal mortality in 3% of cases.
Conclusion:
Grand multiparity remains associated with increased maternal and neonatal complications. Adequate antenatal care, early identification of high-risk pregnancies, and appropriate obstetric management can significantly reduce adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.