ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RESISTIVE INDEX VALUE OF RENAL ARTERIES AND ALBUMIN URINATED IN BOTH DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS

Abstract

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. It's also called diabetic kidney disease. In the United States, about 1 in 3 people living with diabetes have diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy affects the kidneys' ability to do their usual work of removing waste products and extra fluid from your body.

Objective: To determine association between resistive index value of renal arteries and albumin urinated in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Methodology:  A cross sectional analytical study was conducted in 9 months at National Ultrasound Center, Abbottabad. 100  patients were selected with convenient sampling technique, Age of 18 to 80 years, both genders, diagnosed albuminuria in urine with both diabetic and non-diabetic patients were included in this study.  Patients of renal artery stenosis and extra renal mass were excluded.

Results: Out of 100 patients 58 (58%) were males and 42 (42%) were females who visited the ultrasound department due to complaints of albuminuria in urine. Out of 100 patients 70 (70%) were with the history of type II diabetes mellitus and 10 (10%) were with the history of type II diabetes and 20 (20%) were normal. Males were most likely to develop type II diabetes mellitus than females. The Mean value for Albumin was 60.0625 was in DM Patients and was 17.5950 in non-Diabetic Patients, and value for Std. Deviation was 9.09492 in DM Patients and was 6.32925 in non-Diabetic Patients.. The Mean value for Resistive index was .7464 in DM patients and was .5440 in non-Diabetic Patients, and value for Std. Deviation was .02329 in DM Patients and was .06754 in non-Diabetic Patients. The Mean value for S/D ratio was 1.9999 in DM patients and was 1.8960i n non-Diabetic Patients and value for Std. Deviation was .05549 in DM patients and was .09689 in non-Diabetic Patients.

Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrate that resistive index was significantly higher among diabetic patients. . Based on these findings resistive index can be used among diabetic patients to rule out diabetic nephropathy. Being a noninvasive marker and ease of measurement by Doppler makes it an ideal diagnostic marker.

Acknowledgment: The publication charges for this article are fully/ partially borne from the Khyber Medical University Publication Fund (DIR/ORIC/Ref/26/00145).