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Abstract
Objective:
To determine the efficacy of metformin in maintaining euglycemia in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methodology:
This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre from 1st July 2024 to 31st December 2024. A total of 189 pregnant women aged 18–40 years diagnosed with GDM were enrolled through non-probability consecutive sampling. GDM was confirmed using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test according to ADA criteria. Metformin was initiated at 500 mg daily and titrated up to 2500 mg as required. Fasting blood glucose was reassessed after two weeks. Euglycemia (60–110 mg/dl) was labeled as treatment efficacy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results:
The mean age of participants was 29.4 ± 4.8 years, and mean gestational age was 24.1 ± 5.2 weeks. Euglycemia was achieved in 163 (86.2%) patients. Stratification by age and BMI showed no statistically significant association with efficacy (p > 0.05).
Conclusion:
Metformin is an effective and well-tolerated option for achieving glycemic control in GDM and may be considered a suitable first-line pharmacological therapy with appropriate monitoring.