Abstract
Kidney cancer is also called as renal cancer. It is a type of cancer, which occurs in the kidneys. It is believed that certain inflammatory responses have anti-tumorigenic effect. Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, including CD8+ T-cells and CD4+ T-cells have potent anti-tumor activity. The study aimed to investigate the significance of T-lymphocyte cells in patients who have been diagnosed with kidney cancer. Twenty milliliter blood was collected under aseptic condition from 30 kidney cancer patients and 30 healthy individuals by vein puncture and transported to Alpha Genomic Laboratory, Islamabad for flow cytometric, comet assay analysis and evaluation of oxidative stress markers including MDA, SOD and GSH. Data of all the biochemical parameters were compiled in Microsoft Excel and analyzed statistically. Results showed that the CD4+ T-cells were higher in kidney cancer patients of both age groups (8.23±3.88 cells/µL; 12.06±4.71 cells/µL). The CD8+ T lymphocytes counts were also elevated (20.13±2.56; 20.11±3.33 cells/µL) in kidney cancer patients. Furthermore, the CD14+ T-cell counts were also higher (17.53±2.42 cells/µL; 19.75±3.96 cells/µL) in affected patients of both age groups. The DNA length in case of kidney cancer patients was higher than the control group. Similarly, the MDA and SOD concentration was also higher in kidney cancer patients in both cases. Whereas, the GSH concentration was lower (52.63±3.41 Nmol-mL; 55.65±4.44 Nmol-mL) in affected patients when compared with the healthy people (61.44±1.80 Nmol-mL; 67.17±2.86 Nmol-mL). Hence, it concluded that Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione are important biomarker that can be used to measure and monitor oxidative stress in cancer patients.