PREVALENCE, AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AMONG MOTHERS

Abstract

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is globally recognized as the optimal method of infant feeding for the first six months of life, providing essential nutrients and protection against infections while promoting healthy growth and development. Despite strong recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding remains below global targets in many developing countries, including Pakistan. Maternal knowledge and attitudes play a significant role in influencing breastfeeding practices.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of infants aged 0–12 months

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence and maternal attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of infants aged 0–12 months attending Civil Hospital Nawabshah. A total of 188 mothers were selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire consisting of three sections: demographic characteristics, breastfeeding practices based on 24-hour recall, and a maternal attitude scale toward exclusive breastfeeding. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, and results were presented in frequencies and percentages.

Results: The findings revealed that only 44.1% of mothers reported breastfeeding during the previous day, while 50% had introduced formula feeding, indicating a high prevalence of mixed feeding practices. Although early introduction of water, animal milk, and soft foods was comparatively low, it still contradicted WHO recommendations. Despite inadequate practice, the majority of mothers demonstrated a positive attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding. Most participants acknowledged that exclusive breastfeeding improves bonding, supports child growth and development, is easily digested, and is convenient and economical.

Conclusion: The study concludes that although maternal attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding were largely positive, the actual prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was insufficient. Strengthening postnatal counseling, family education, and continuous breastfeeding support is essential to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice and to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates in urban communities.