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Abstract
Nightmares are a common source of psychological distress and sleep disturbance. The Nightmare Distress Questionnaire (NDQ; Belicki, 1992) is a widely used instrument, but its applicability has been limited to English-speaking populations. This study translated the NDQ into Urdu using Brislin’s (1976) forward-backward procedure and examined its psychometric properties in a sample of 130 Pakistani university students. Results indicated strong linguistic equivalence (r=.806, p < .01), good internal consistency (α = .76, inter‑item α = .89), and high test-retest reliability (r=.860, p < .01). Exploratory factor analysis supported a unidimensional structure, and approximate confirmatory factor analysis showed moderate fit for the one-factor model. The Urdu NDQ appears to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing nightmare-related distress in Pakistani students.