Keywords
Propofol
Trauma Anesthesia
Cardiopulmonary Response
Hemodynamics
Recovery Time
Postoperative Nausea
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: Trauma patients often require rapid anesthetic induction while maintaining cardiopulmonary stability. Ketamine and propofol are commonly used agents, but their effects on hemodynamics, recovery, and complications differ. This study aimed to compare the anesthetic profiles of ketamine and propofol in trauma care, with emphasis on cardiopulmonary responses.
Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effects of ketamine and propofol on intraoperative hemodynamics, recovery time, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and complications in trauma patients, and to analyze the influence of patient age, gender, trauma mechanism, ASA status, and pre-existing conditions on anesthetic outcomes.
Methods: A total of 120 trauma patients aged 18–60 years were enrolled and divided equally into ketamine (n=60) and propofol (n=60) groups. Baseline vital signs, intraoperative hemodynamic changes, complications, recovery time, and PONV were recorded. Data were analyzed for associations with age, gender, trauma mechanism, ASA status, and pre-existing conditions.
Results: Age and gender distributions were comparable between groups. Blunt trauma, falls, and motor vehicle collisions were the predominant injury mechanisms. Ketamine provided relatively stable blood pressure but slightly higher heart rate changes, whereas propofol caused more frequent hypotension. Recovery times were slightly shorter with propofol (33.96 ± 4.2 min) compared to ketamine (35.08 ± 4.5 min). PONV incidence was higher with propofol (56.7%) than ketamine (43.3%), while intraoperative complication rates were similar.
Conclusion: Ketamine offers more stable hemodynamics and lower PONV, making it suitable for trauma patients at risk of hypotension or with cardiopulmonary compromise. Propofol provides rapid recovery in hemodynamically stable patients. Individualized anesthetic selection based on patient profile and expected cardiopulmonary response is recommended.