NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTED PATIENTS OF DISTRICT MARDAN

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infection affects nearly half of the global population and remains a major public health concern, particularly in developing countries such as Pakistan, where infection rates remain high despite global declines associated with improved living standards. The present study aimed to assess the nutritional intake and dietary patterns of H. pylori infected patients attending Mardan Medical Complex Hospital of District Mardan. A cross-sectional study design was employed, and data was collected between April and June 2022. A total of 200 male and female patients diagnosed with H. pylori infection were enrolled using a structured questionnaire. Information regarding sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and body mass index), physical activity, and dietary intake was collected through Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The collected data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The results revealed a significant association between H. pylori infection and the frequent consumption of fast foods, fried and spicy foods, bakery items, carbonated beverages, tea, and dairy products. A higher intake of carbohydrate-rich diets and a preference for fast food were strongly associated with increased susceptibility to H. pylori infection. Additionally, sedentary lifestyle patterns and elevated BMI were observed to contribute to a higher risk of infection. In contrast, diets rich in fruits, vegetables, and mutton demonstrated a negative association with H. pylori infection, suggesting a potential protective role. The study concludes that unhealthy dietary habits, particularly excessive intake of fast foods and refined carbohydrates, along with physical inactivity, are key contributors to H. pylori infection. Nutritional modification, maintenance of normal BMI, increased physical activity, and greater consumption of fruits and vegetables may help reduce the burden of H. pylori infection.