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Abstract
Background: Reduced amniotic fluid volume or oligohydramnios is a serious obstetric condition that makes managing pregnancy more difficult especially if it is discovered close to term. It frequently results in interventions like labor induction and is linked to increased prenatal monitoring. Due to variations in study settings and diagnostic criteria reported prevalence varies greatly between populations. Early detection and appropriate treatment are crucial because oligohydramnios has been associated with poor outcomes for both mothers and newborns.
Objective: To find out how frequently pregnant women with oligohydramnios experience unfavorable perinatal outcomes.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Shaheed Mohtarama Benazir Bhutto Medical University (SMBBMU) Larkana Pakistan over a six-month period from January 31 to July 30 2023. Informed consent was obtained before pregnant women who fit the inclusion criteria were enrolled. An ultrasound evaluation of the amniotic fluid index was used to diagnose oligohydramnios. Data on mothers and newborns that were pertinent were methodically collected and examined.
Results: The participant’s ages ranged from 20 to 45 with a median age of 27. There was a range of 37 to 42 weeks of gestation. Meconium-stained liquor caesarean delivery breech presentation intrauterine growth restriction low Apgar scores admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit and low birth weight were common perinatal outcomes. Premature rupture of membranes vaginal delivery stillbirth and neonatal mortality were linked to a high percentage of cases.
Conclusion: High rates of unfavorable perinatal outcomes including stillbirth and vaginal delivery were linked to oligohydramnios. These were followed by premature rupture of membranes and neonatal death. To strengthen clinical management techniques and confirm these results larger multicenter studies are advised.