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Abstract
Objective:
To estimate the effect o of Viral hepatitis B and C infection on labor productivity in Pakistan
Data: primary data obtained from 2481 hepatitis B and C patients in 21 districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from January 2023 to September 2023 from Viral hepatitis B and C trough a well design questioner based on socio-economic indicator
Methodology: This study used descriptive statistical tools, Chi-Square test of statistical significance and OLS econometric techniques. Descriptive statistic was applied for demographic and social analysis of data, Chi-Square test of statistical significance was used to test association of viral hepatitis B and C with selected indicators whereas multiple regression econometric analysis was done for economic analysis of data.
Results: This study found direct association of viral hepatitis B and C with demographic and socioeconomic indicators included in the study. The statistic of chi-square, P-value of chi-square and P- values of Phi and Cramer’s exhibited significant association of viral hepatitis Band C with Gender, Age, employment status, material status, geographical region, profession of patient, monthly income of patients and their family and time duration of treatment. The chi square and Pvalue of chi square and P- values of Phi and Cramer’s Gender 10.973 (0.00), Age51.28 (0.00), employment status, material status 20.33(0.00), geographical region 22.08 (0.00), profession of patient 314.38 (0.00), monthly income of patients and their family 73.45 (0.00) and time duration of treatment 189.080 (0.00) sowed a significant direct association with hepatitis B and C The estimated results of OLS regression explored significant effect of Hepatitis B and C on absenteeism. The male patients have 22% more probability of being absent from their working place than female whereas on average patients age has indirect impact of viral hepatitis on labor productivity. Source of exposure and material status of the hepatitis patients were initiated indirect effect on absenteeism. The probability of absenteeism of married patients was estimated 25% less than unmarried patients. The OLS model estimates also showed significant direct association of absenteeism with the employment status hepatitis B and C. the probability of work impairment and absenteeism among self- employed, part time employee and retired persons found 55%, 52% and 97% respectively whereas the effect of dependent respondents and unemployed patients was found significantly indirect and estimated 8% and 17%. The probability of education, number of infected patients estimated direct medical cost and monthly income were found significant direct relation with absenteeism and estimated as 31% 41%, and 30% respectively.