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Abstract
Objective:
To determine the effect on vitamin D deficiency on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health assessed through Atherogenic index of plasma
Methodology
This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted on 147 individuals over a span of five months at a tertiary care laboratory. 3 mL fasting sample of individuals was drawn and subjected to test vitamin D levels, fasting lipid profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)) and Atherogenic index of plasma was calculated to access the cardiovascular risk. Pearson’s correlation was applied to test the correlation between vitamin D levels and triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C, HDL-C and Atherogenic index of plasma. All these parameters were compared in vitamin D deficient and sufficient group using independent T-test and were noted as mean ± S.D.
Results
Out of 147 individuals, 82 individuals were deficient in vitamin D (<30ng/mL) while 65 individuals had optimum vitamin D levels (>30ng/mL). Pearson’s correlation of vitamin D showed weak positive correlation with triglycerides (r = 0.021, p = 0.803), total cholesterol (r = 0.014, p = 0.871), HDL (r = 0.095, p = 0.253) and VLDL (r = 0.021, p = 0.803), while a weak negative correlation with LDL-C (r = -0.05, p = 0.544) and Atherogenic index of plasma (r = -0.069, p = 0.404). Vitamin D showed statistically non-significant correlation (p < 0.05) with all parameters these parameters. Only total cholesterol and LDL-C levels differ significantly in vitamin D deficient and sufficient groups, (p = 0.030), (p = 0.015) respectively.
Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency leads to significantly raised cholesterol and LDL-C components of lipid profile while other components such as triglycerides, HDL-C, VLDL-C showed no significant changes with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency had a little effect on the Atherogenic index of plasma