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Abstract
Disorders of metabolism and obesity are spreading as epidemic globally. Body weight is optimized by various complicated interconnections between metabolic, hormonal and neural routes and also affected by various environmental factors. Different factors like abnormal satiety, less energy utilization and changes in eating habits cause misproportions between energy uptake and its utilization. The gut microbiome involves complex mechanisms including hormonal systems, neural systems, systemic immune and on mucosa systems that affect different factors of energy homeostasis. Advantages of dietary fibers on metabolic system and obesity are explained by different research studies with clinical trials and much more is remaining for further research. Precision medicine strategies utilizing microbiome and clinical features for predicting a person response to fiber supplement represent a new model with high capability to increase weight balancing efficacy but many questions are still remaining. This study provides comprehensive review on physicochemical features of dietary fibers that how the gut microbiome functions for regulating boy weight and energy homeostasis work.