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Abstract
The kidneys are essential organs that conduct a wide range vital functions in the body just like preserving homeostasis, detoxification of the toxic materials and controlling the internal environment of the body. Worldwide, nephropathy has been reported in many countries, regardless of age, and gender. Nephrotoxicity arises when the kidneys are continuously exposed to xenobiotic such as alcohol, drugs, poisons and other toxic chemicals. Although the kidneys are responsible for most drugs detoxification, still numerous medicines cause infections in kidney. In these halothane, amoxicillin, minocycline and gentamicin etc drugs are included. The specific mechanism of causing nephrotoxicity by these drugs are yet unknown but some hypothesis suggested they can generate free radicals which can cause injury in particular organ of the body. In this advance era of drugs discovery, there is no drugs available that completely protect the kidneys from nephrotoxicity. Schiff bases are chemical compounds with a wide range of biological consequences, including cytotoxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities. The current study focuses on the nephroprotective potential of various Schiff base dose against nephrotoxicity caused by gentamicin in an animal model. Gentamicin 100 mg/kg was administrated as part of the study to cause nephrotoxicity, and the mice are subsequently given various dosages of Schiff bases (CA 25 mg/kg & 50 mg/kg and CB 25 & 50 mg/kg) for eight days. Serum creatinine and BUN, two nephrotic indicators were checked out to determine kidney function. Additionally, histopathological analyses were conducted to evaluate nephrotic disorders. Treatment with gentamicin increased Serum creatinine and BUN levels, indicating cause of nephrotoxicity. These nephrotic indicators were decreased after Schiff base treatment. In addition, renal tissue under gentamicin administration had histopathological changes that included polycystic kidney disease (PKD, hydropic dilatation and pyknotic nuclei. Histopathological changes were reduced nearly normal after treatment with Schiff bases. As a result of study, Schiff bases were found to reduce gentamicin-induced biomarkers of nephrotic dysfunction and reverse histopathological changes caused by gentamicin. Furthermore, Schiff bases may have nephroprotective effects due to their antioxidant properties.