Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence, patterns, and health impacts of self-medication among adults in Jamshoro District, and to examine their association with key socio-demographic factors, motivations, and awareness regarding antibiotic misuse.
Methodology: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2025 among 151 adults in Union Council Mohro Jabal, Jamshoro District. Data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews and analyzed using SPSS version 26 with descriptive and Chi-square statistics.
Results: Out of 151 participants, the majority were female (70.9%) and young adults aged 18–25 years (59.6%). More than half (55%) had no formal education, and 57.6% were unemployed. The prevalence of self-medication was high, with painkillers, antibiotics, and cough syrups being the most frequently used drugs. Reported impacts included side effects such as gastrointestinal discomfort, delayed diagnosis, and the need for medical assistance. Chi-square analysis showed significant associations between self-medication practices and socio-demographic factors, including age, education, and awareness levels (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Self-medication is highly prevalent among adults in Jamshoro and is strongly linked with low education, limited healthcare access, and lack of awareness. Public health interventions, community education, and stricter regulation of over-the-counter medicines are urgently needed to reduce their harmful impacts.