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Abstract
Objective: To compare the outcome of sitagliptin versus sulfonylureas for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at DHQ Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala, involving 90 participants with newly diagnosed T2DM. Patients were randomly assigned to either sitagliptin (100 mg daily) or glipizide (100 mg daily) groups. The incidence of hypoglycemia, defined as blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL, was recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25.0, with comparisons made using chi-square tests, and a p-value ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Sitagliptin users are slightly older on average (48.96 years) compared to Sulfonylurea users (45.64 years). There was 4:1 male-to-female ratio distribution in both groups. The incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly lower in the sitagliptin group (4.4%) compared to the sulfonylurea group (17.8%, p=0.044). Age, gender, BMI, and lifestyle factors influenced hypoglycemia occurrence, with higher rates observed in sedentary individuals and those employed in manual occupations. No significant differences were found in terms of hypertension, smoking, or dyslipidemia.
Conclusion: Sitagliptin is associated with a significantly lower incidence of hypoglycemia compared to sulfonylureas in the treatment of T2DM. This finding underscores the safety of sitagliptin, particularly for patients at higher risk for hypoglycemia, such as the elderly and those with sedentary lifestyles.